Firs Aid and Basic Life Support

FIRST AID
 and
BASIC LIFE SUPPORT

• Types of wounds and treatment
• Application of Tourniquet
• Basic Life Support

                                a. A B C

                                b. BLS

         c.  Respiratory and Cardiovascular system

         d.  Techniques of Basic CPR

         e.  Evacuation procedure

First Aid

“ is an immediate treatment administered to a victim of injury or illness before the services of a doctors.”

                “ Keeping the patient  alive until the doctor arrives” 

Aims of First Aid can be summarize as 4P’s

• Preserve Life
• Prevent further injury
•  Promote recovery
• Protect the unconscious

Classification of Wounds

Open Wounds  - there is a break in the skin or mucus membrane.

• Close wounds  - Involves underlying tissues without a break in the skin
• Abrassion
   “ results from scraping of the skin.”
• Incised  
  “ cuts, commonly cause by sharp objects.”
• Lacerated
  “ jagged, irregular or blunt breaks or tears in the skin.”
• Punctured
   “irregularly caused by pointed objects.”
• Avulsion –
   involve forcible separation or tearing of tissue from the victims body.

COMPLICATIONS OF WOUNDS

• Bleeding – continuous flowing of blood from the wound.
• Infection – the healing process is delayed by infection

TREATMENT

• Close wounds:

                   R  - Rest

                   I  -  Ice

                   C  - Compression

                   E -  Elevation

•  Open Wounds – Control bleeding through:

                  D -   Direct pressure

                  E  -  Elevation

                  P  -  Pressure Points

                  T  -   Tourniquet  

  

Basic Life Support (BLS) includes:

•          Prompt recognition and action for MI and stroke

                to prevent respiratory and cardiac arrest

•          Rescue breathing for victims of respiratory

                arrest

•          Chest compression and rescue breathing for

                victims of cardiopulmonary arrest

Basic Life Support (BLS) includes:

•          Attempted defibrillation of patients with VF or VT with

                 Automatic External Defibrillator(AED)

•          Recognition and relief of foreign body airway

                 obstruction

Elements of Basic Life Support (BLS)

1. initial assessment
2. airway maintenance
3. expired air ventilation
4. defibrillation for VF/VT
5. chest compression 

The ABC of BLS

• A – Airway
•  B -  Breathing
• C - Circulation

How does CPR work?

• All living cells of our body need a steady supply of oxygen to keep us alive.
• Breathe air into the victim’s lungs to provide oxygen into the blood.
• Press on the chest to move oxygen-carrying blood through the body.